Integrand size = 13, antiderivative size = 252 \[ \int \frac {x}{\sqrt {1-x^3}} \, dx=\frac {2 \sqrt {1-x^3}}{1+\sqrt {3}-x}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {2-\sqrt {3}} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {1+x+x^2}{\left (1+\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} E\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {1-\sqrt {3}-x}{1+\sqrt {3}-x}\right )|-7-4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt {\frac {1-x}{\left (1+\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \sqrt {1-x^3}}+\frac {2 \sqrt {2} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {1+x+x^2}{\left (1+\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {1-\sqrt {3}-x}{1+\sqrt {3}-x}\right ),-7-4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {\frac {1-x}{\left (1+\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \sqrt {1-x^3}} \]
2*(-x^3+1)^(1/2)/(1-x+3^(1/2))+2/3*(1-x)*EllipticF((1-x-3^(1/2))/(1-x+3^(1 /2)),I*3^(1/2)+2*I)*2^(1/2)*((x^2+x+1)/(1-x+3^(1/2))^2)^(1/2)*3^(3/4)/(-x^ 3+1)^(1/2)/((1-x)/(1-x+3^(1/2))^2)^(1/2)-3^(1/4)*(1-x)*EllipticE((1-x-3^(1 /2))/(1-x+3^(1/2)),I*3^(1/2)+2*I)*(1/2*6^(1/2)-1/2*2^(1/2))*((x^2+x+1)/(1- x+3^(1/2))^2)^(1/2)/(-x^3+1)^(1/2)/((1-x)/(1-x+3^(1/2))^2)^(1/2)
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 5 vs. order 4 in optimal.
Time = 0.00 (sec) , antiderivative size = 20, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.08 \[ \int \frac {x}{\sqrt {1-x^3}} \, dx=\frac {1}{2} x^2 \operatorname {Hypergeometric2F1}\left (\frac {1}{2},\frac {2}{3},\frac {5}{3},x^3\right ) \]
Time = 0.35 (sec) , antiderivative size = 267, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.06, number of steps used = 3, number of rules used = 3, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.231, Rules used = {832, 759, 2416}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {x}{\sqrt {1-x^3}} \, dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 832 |
\(\displaystyle \left (1-\sqrt {3}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1-x^3}}dx-\int \frac {-x-\sqrt {3}+1}{\sqrt {1-x^3}}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 759 |
\(\displaystyle -\int \frac {-x-\sqrt {3}+1}{\sqrt {1-x^3}}dx-\frac {2 \left (1-\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt {2+\sqrt {3}} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {x^2+x+1}{\left (-x+\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {-x-\sqrt {3}+1}{-x+\sqrt {3}+1}\right ),-7-4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {\frac {1-x}{\left (-x+\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \sqrt {1-x^3}}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 2416 |
\(\displaystyle -\frac {2 \left (1-\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt {2+\sqrt {3}} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {x^2+x+1}{\left (-x+\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {-x-\sqrt {3}+1}{-x+\sqrt {3}+1}\right ),-7-4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {\frac {1-x}{\left (-x+\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \sqrt {1-x^3}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {2-\sqrt {3}} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {x^2+x+1}{\left (-x+\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} E\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {-x-\sqrt {3}+1}{-x+\sqrt {3}+1}\right )|-7-4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt {\frac {1-x}{\left (-x+\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \sqrt {1-x^3}}+\frac {2 \sqrt {1-x^3}}{-x+\sqrt {3}+1}\) |
(2*Sqrt[1 - x^3])/(1 + Sqrt[3] - x) - (3^(1/4)*Sqrt[2 - Sqrt[3]]*(1 - x)*S qrt[(1 + x + x^2)/(1 + Sqrt[3] - x)^2]*EllipticE[ArcSin[(1 - Sqrt[3] - x)/ (1 + Sqrt[3] - x)], -7 - 4*Sqrt[3]])/(Sqrt[(1 - x)/(1 + Sqrt[3] - x)^2]*Sq rt[1 - x^3]) - (2*(1 - Sqrt[3])*Sqrt[2 + Sqrt[3]]*(1 - x)*Sqrt[(1 + x + x^ 2)/(1 + Sqrt[3] - x)^2]*EllipticF[ArcSin[(1 - Sqrt[3] - x)/(1 + Sqrt[3] - x)], -7 - 4*Sqrt[3]])/(3^(1/4)*Sqrt[(1 - x)/(1 + Sqrt[3] - x)^2]*Sqrt[1 - x^3])
3.5.71.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used
Int[1/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^3], x_Symbol] :> With[{r = Numer[Rt[b/a, 3]], s = Denom[Rt[b/a, 3]]}, Simp[2*Sqrt[2 + Sqrt[3]]*(s + r*x)*(Sqrt[(s^2 - r*s *x + r^2*x^2)/((1 + Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)^2]/(3^(1/4)*r*Sqrt[a + b*x^3]*Sqrt[s* ((s + r*x)/((1 + Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)^2)]))*EllipticF[ArcSin[((1 - Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)/((1 + Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)], -7 - 4*Sqrt[3]], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] & & PosQ[a]
Int[(x_)/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^3], x_Symbol] :> With[{r = Numer[Rt[b/a, 3] ], s = Denom[Rt[b/a, 3]]}, Simp[(-(1 - Sqrt[3]))*(s/r) Int[1/Sqrt[a + b*x ^3], x], x] + Simp[1/r Int[((1 - Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)/Sqrt[a + b*x^3], x], x ]] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a]
Int[((c_) + (d_.)*(x_))/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^3], x_Symbol] :> With[{r = N umer[Simplify[(1 - Sqrt[3])*(d/c)]], s = Denom[Simplify[(1 - Sqrt[3])*(d/c) ]]}, Simp[2*d*s^3*(Sqrt[a + b*x^3]/(a*r^2*((1 + Sqrt[3])*s + r*x))), x] - S imp[3^(1/4)*Sqrt[2 - Sqrt[3]]*d*s*(s + r*x)*(Sqrt[(s^2 - r*s*x + r^2*x^2)/( (1 + Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)^2]/(r^2*Sqrt[a + b*x^3]*Sqrt[s*((s + r*x)/((1 + Sqrt [3])*s + r*x)^2)]))*EllipticE[ArcSin[((1 - Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)/((1 + Sqrt[3]) *s + r*x)], -7 - 4*Sqrt[3]], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] && PosQ[a] && Eq Q[b*c^3 - 2*(5 - 3*Sqrt[3])*a*d^3, 0]
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 5 vs. order 4.
Time = 3.93 (sec) , antiderivative size = 15, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.06
method | result | size |
meijerg | \(\frac {x^{2} {}_{2}^{}{\moversetsp {}{\mundersetsp {}{F_{1}^{}}}}\left (\frac {1}{2},\frac {2}{3};\frac {5}{3};x^{3}\right )}{2}\) | \(15\) |
default | \(-\frac {2 i \sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {i \left (x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}\, \sqrt {\frac {-1+x}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {-i \left (x +\frac {1}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}\, \left (\left (-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) E\left (\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {i \left (x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}}{3}, \sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )+F\left (\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {i \left (x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}}{3}, \sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )\right )}{3 \sqrt {-x^{3}+1}}\) | \(158\) |
elliptic | \(-\frac {2 i \sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {i \left (x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}\, \sqrt {\frac {-1+x}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {-i \left (x +\frac {1}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}\, \left (\left (-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) E\left (\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {i \left (x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}}{3}, \sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )+F\left (\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {i \left (x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}}{3}, \sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )\right )}{3 \sqrt {-x^{3}+1}}\) | \(158\) |
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 4.
Time = 0.08 (sec) , antiderivative size = 9, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.04 \[ \int \frac {x}{\sqrt {1-x^3}} \, dx=2 i \, {\rm weierstrassZeta}\left (0, 4, {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (0, 4, x\right )\right ) \]
Time = 0.36 (sec) , antiderivative size = 31, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.12 \[ \int \frac {x}{\sqrt {1-x^3}} \, dx=\frac {x^{2} \Gamma \left (\frac {2}{3}\right ) {{}_{2}F_{1}\left (\begin {matrix} \frac {1}{2}, \frac {2}{3} \\ \frac {5}{3} \end {matrix}\middle | {x^{3} e^{2 i \pi }} \right )}}{3 \Gamma \left (\frac {5}{3}\right )} \]
\[ \int \frac {x}{\sqrt {1-x^3}} \, dx=\int { \frac {x}{\sqrt {-x^{3} + 1}} \,d x } \]
\[ \int \frac {x}{\sqrt {1-x^3}} \, dx=\int { \frac {x}{\sqrt {-x^{3} + 1}} \,d x } \]
Time = 0.04 (sec) , antiderivative size = 231, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.92 \[ \int \frac {x}{\sqrt {1-x^3}} \, dx=-\frac {2\,\left (\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\mathrm {F}\left (\mathrm {asin}\left (\sqrt {-\frac {x-1}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\right )\middle |-\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}\right )-\left (-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\mathrm {E}\left (\mathrm {asin}\left (\sqrt {-\frac {x-1}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\right )\middle |-\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}\right )\right )\,\left (\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {x^3-1}\,\sqrt {-\frac {x+\frac {1}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\sqrt {\frac {x+\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\sqrt {-\frac {x-1}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}}{\sqrt {1-x^3}\,\sqrt {x^3+\left (-\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )-1\right )\,x+\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )}} \]
-(2*(((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - 1/2)*ellipticF(asin((-(x - 1)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 3/2 ))^(1/2)), -((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 3/2)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - 3/2)) - ((3^(1/2)*1i) /2 - 3/2)*ellipticE(asin((-(x - 1)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 3/2))^(1/2)), -((3^(1 /2)*1i)/2 + 3/2)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - 3/2)))*((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 3/2)*(x^3 - 1) ^(1/2)*(-(x - (3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 1/2)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - 3/2))^(1/2)*((x + (3 ^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 1/2)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 3/2))^(1/2)*(-(x - 1)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/ 2 + 3/2))^(1/2))/((1 - x^3)^(1/2)*(((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - 1/2)*((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 1/2) - x*(((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - 1/2)*((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 1/2) + 1) + x^3)^(1/2 ))